Головна > Comprehensive biochemical screening in the first trimester of pregnancy

Comprehensive biochemical screening in the first trimester of pregnancy

Comprehensive diagnostics of the expectant mother’s body at an early stage of gestation.

It includes diagnostic procedures that allow you to assess the speed of intrauterine development of the baby by comparing the gestational age according to the protocols of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine.

The first trimester lasts from the 1st day of the final menstruation to the 13th week.

In medicine, screening means “sorting, selection” and in English means identifying risk groups of pregnant patients who may be indicated for additional testing.

Screening is performed on weeks 11-13 + 6 of pregnancy.

The first stage is fetal ultrasound.

It gives the obstetrician-gynecologist the opportunity to establish the risk of developing possible abnormalities, identify a predisposition to genetic diseases, and draw up a general picture of the health of the expectant mother.

During the study, specialists carefully examine the morphological parameters of the fetus in comparison with their current gestational age. The doctor also measures the length of the cervix.

2 methods of ultrasound diagnostics of the first trimester:

transabdominally (through the abdomen)
transvaginally (insertion of the transducer into the vagina).

6 anthropometric parameters of the fetus are studied

What parameters of the unborn baby are examined on ultrasound?

Fetal size from crown to tailbone
The length of the baby’s body size from the crown to the heels
BPR (Biparietal size) is the distance between the dark tubercles
TCP thickness of the collar space
HR heart rate heart rate
Head circumference

Normal values of fetal ultrasound diagnostics at different gestational ages

The week of pregnancy	CTR, mm	TFP, mm	Nasal bone, mm	Heart rate, beats per minute	BPR, mm
11	42-50	1,6-2,4	visible	153-177	17
12	51-59	1,6-2,5	more than 3	150-174	20
13	62-73	1.7-2,7	more than 3	147-171	26

Second stage: biochemical blood test of a pregnant woman in the 1st trimester

It is prescribed in case of deviations from the reference values of fetal ultrasound diagnostics and is performed at certain gestational ages, since the reference values depend on the gestational age.
HCG chorionic gonadotropin is a hormone produced in amniotic fluid that is used to diagnose pregnancy.
PAPP-A protein-A is a protein produced by the placenta, which is responsible for the normal functioning of the latter.

Reference values of hCG levels at different gestational ages in the 1st trimester

Weeks of pregnancy	β-hCG, ng/ml	HCG levels above the normal range may indicate:	Low hCG can indicate a:
11	17,4-130,3	Down syndrome multiple pregnancy severe toxicosis diabetes mellitus in the mother	Edwards syndrome ectopic pregnancy placental insufficiency High risk of pregnancy termination
12	13,4-128,5
13	14,2-114,8

Reference values of PAPP-A levels at different stages of pregnancy in the 1st trimester

Weeks of pregnancy	RARP-A, Med/ml	Deviations from reference values
11	0,78-4,77	With a decrease, the risk of fetal development increases: Down syndrome Premature pregnancy Edwards syndrome
12	1,03-6,02
13	1,47-8,55

Preparing for the first trimester screening

To ensure that the results of ultrasound and biochemical blood test are as objective as possible, doctors strongly recommend following the preparation recommendations:

Dietary regimen: exclude chocolate products, seafood and citrus fruits, fried and fatty foods from the diet.
It is not recommended to eat 12 hours before the biochemical blood test.
When performing transabdominal ultrasound, it is necessary to fill the bladder.

All procedures

Pregnancy management and preimplantation diagnostics

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