Процедури: Cryopreservation of testicular tissue

Cryopreservation of testicular tissue

A procedure in which male germ cells and tissue parts are obtained for further freezing for use in the appropriate period. As a rule, the procedure is performed by surgical intervention (open biopsy).

As the number of couples who do not have children due to male infertility caused by cancer increases every year, the importance of preserving material for fertilization in the future is growing.

Indications for use

The procedure of cryopreservation of testicular tissue is aimed at enabling a man to procreate when the need arises. Indications for cryopreservation include the following factors:

desire to have a child at an older age;
the need to treat testicular cancer, which can negatively affect a man's fertility;
infertility of uncertain origin, attempts to treat with assisted reproduction methods;
a history of unsuccessful IVF attempts;
the presence of obstructive (excretory) azoospermia, etc.

The process of taking testicular tissue for cryopreservation can be performed only with the patient's consent.

Testicular tissue sampling is a solution for men suffering from obstructive azoospermia, when sperm are formed in the testicles but do not get into the ejaculate due to obstruction of the vas deferens.

The shelf life of the material is unlimited.

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Advantages of the procedure

the ability to conceive a child at any age;
increasing the chance of parenthood in IVF;
a man can become a father despite cancer and radiation, which can lead to incurable infertility;
exemption from repeated sperm extraction procedures - the possibility of repeated ICSI;
preservation of the biopsy for testicular autotransplantation;
a woman can conceive a child despite her husband's azoospermia;
Convenience of planning the treatment cycle for each partner.

The efficiency of a puncture biopsy is about 75%. In case of failure, doctors recommend an open biopsy. Tissue sampling by puncture is possible under anesthesia.

Doctors take biological material from one or both testicles. Most sperm will be located in the tubules.

A biopsy, unlike a puncture, is suitable for patients with hydrocele, hormonal disorders, and is performed if a histological examination is necessary.

The procedure of cryopreservation of testicular tissue is carried out in several stages:

Performing a biopsy of testicular tissue for its further freezing.
Testing of biological material to determine its suitability for use. The release of sperm that will participate in fertilization.
Separation of cells and tissue into different containers.
Freezing the material in liquid nitrogen.

The procedure is usually performed in several ways. The first is tissue freezing in the form of a cell suspension or freezing of the seminiferous tubules. After thawing, the suspension is injected or the tubules are transplanted.

Cryopreservation (From the Greek Κρύος - cold. The second part "conservo" is translated from Latin as "I will preserve").
-196°C is the temperature at which the cryopreservation process is carried out
Low-temperature exposure to the material allows it to be preserved with the ability to restore biological functions after the defrosting process is completed.
Valuable biological objects are placed in capsules and frozen using liquid nitrogen.

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