This disease is caused by a violation of the cellular structure of the cervical surface, often degenerating into oncology, so it is considered an extreme condition between abnormal cell development and cancer. The disease is always characterized by a violation of the cellular structure of the epithelium. It can touch both the upper and deep layers of tissue.
Cervical dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is defined by the presence of atypical cells.
The main cause of this disease is considered to be infection of a woman with the human papillomavirus. This virus has a huge number of subtypes, of which subtypes 16 and 18 most often cause cancer.
Infection with the virus occurs during sexual intercourse, and the risk of transmission increases in such cases:
The development of the disease is also directly affected by such factors as:
In the absence of treatment, dysplasia will transform, and then in most cases degenerate into a malignant tumor. It is extremely rare for the disease to disappear on its own without appropriate treatment.
An accurate diagnosis is made only after a whole range of tests:
To obtain the most detailed picture, an ultrasound examination is also performed and additional tests and consultations of narrow-profile specialists are prescribed.
A significant problem with diagnosing the disease is that it is completely asymptomatic, so women are not bothered by anything at all.
There are three degrees of change:
The second and third stages of the disease can be precursors to cancer.
Eliminating the focus of infection developing in the body and preventing serious complications can be done by removing the affected tissue. The following techniques are used in modern medicine:
If it is established that the patient is infected with the human papillomavirus, she is prescribed antiviral drugs. In order to reduce the risk of scarring on the cervix, the most minimally traumatic methods are used, such as radio wave and plasma coagulation. This treatment is performed for those patients who have acute inflammatory processes in the cervix.
Women with immunodeficiency syndrome are at risk of developing dysplasia. Often the disease is diagnosed during pregnancy due to changes in hormonal levels.
To prevent the development of this disease, you should avoid sexual intercourse with casual partners, use barrier methods of contraception, undergo preventive examinations by a gynecologist, as well as timely treatment of STDs and support of the immune system.
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